Which frostbite action is contraindicated?

Which frostbite action is contraindicated?

• A. Rewarm gradually in warm water
• B. Rubbing the affected area
• C. Protect with sterile dressings
• D. Evacuate for definitive care

Answer: (B)

Rubbing the frostbitten area is contraindicated because the tissue has become extremely fragile after cold exposure. Massaging or rubbing can cause further cellular damage, rupture ice crystals inside cells, trigger microvascular injury, and increase the depth of the injury, leading to worse outcomes. The preferred approach is gentle rewarming in warm water (about 37–39°C) to restore blood flow, followed by protecting the area with sterile dressings to prevent infection and further trauma. Evacuate for definitive care since frostbite can progress and require specialized treatment, and avoid using direct heat or any grinding/abrasive rubbing.

Rubbing the frostbitten area is contraindicated because the tissue has become extremely fragile after cold exposure. Massaging or rubbing can cause further cellular damage, rupture ice crystals inside cells, trigger microvascular injury, and increase the depth of the injury, leading to worse outcomes. The preferred approach is gentle rewarming in warm water (about 37–39°C) to restore blood flow, followed by protecting the area with sterile dressings to prevent infection and further trauma. Evacuate for definitive care since frostbite can progress and require specialized treatment, and avoid using direct heat or any grinding/abrasive rubbing.